Korach convinced 250 righteous leaders of Klal Yisrael to revolt against Moshe Rabbeinu, as it says in this week’s Torah portion of Korach: “Korach the son of Izhar, the son of Kehas, the son of Levi took, along with Dasan and Aviram, the sons of Eliav, and On the son of Pelet, descendants of Reuvein. They confronted Moshe together with two hundred and fifty men from the children of Israel, chieftains of the congregation, representatives of the assembly, men of repute” (Bamidbar 16:1, 2).
The Rokeach gives an explanation of what the pasuk means by “Korach took;” what or who did he take? This is based on a gemara in Sanhedrin 52a and Bamidbar Rabba 18:3: “’And Korach took,’ he took with him men and fed them, as it says in Sanhedrin 52a, ‘With the flattering mockeries of spitefulness [maog] they gnash at me with their teeth (Tehillim 35:16)’ the Hebrew word חָרַק, which means ‘gnash’ are the letters of Korach, קרח, and when he made for them a meal, Eliezer (the son of Aharon Hakohen) came to collect the matnas kahuna, (the gifts given to the kohen from a slaughtered animal). Immediately they got up and ‘confronted Moshe etc.’” (Click here for Hebrew text.)
The Gemara in Sanhedrin 52a says: “Reish Lakish says: What is the meaning of that which is written: “With the flattering mockeries of spitefulness [maog] they gnash at me with their teeth” (Tehillim 35:16)? It means that because of the flattery of those people who flattered Korach over matters of eating, i.e., because of the food and drink that he would give them, the minister of Gehenom gnashed his teeth over them, as they eventually sinned and fell into his hands. The word maog is interpreted homiletically here as alluding to uga, cake.” (Click here for Hebrew text.)
The Medrish Rabba (parshas Korach 18:3) that the Rokeach is referring to says, “those 250 who revolted before Moshe were heads of the Sanhedrin (Jewish high court), as it says, ‘They stood before Moshe with 250 men from the Children of Israel, leaders of the assembly, those summoned for meeting, men of renown’ (Bamidbar 16:2). Korach got up and made them a feast and clothed each of them in a tallis that was fully techeiles (sky blue color). The children of Aharon came to take their gifts of the foreleg, cheeks and abomasum. They (the 250) stood up against them and said to them, ‘who commanded to take this, not Moshe?! We are not going to give you anything because Hashem didn’t make such instructions.’ [The children of Aharon] went to tell Moshe what happened. Moshe went to appease the 250, immediately the revolt started. Who exactly were among these 250? Elitzur ben Shedeur and those mentioned with him [in the beginning of Bamidbar 1:5-16.]” (The Maharz”u mentions that Shlumiel ben Tzurishadai was not part of the 250 because this took place in the 2nd year of wondering in the desert, and he was Zimri ben Salu, mentioned at the end of the 40 years in the beginning of parshas Pinchas. Nachshon ben Aminadav was also not part of the 250 because he died in the incident of the asafsuf (complainers) in parshas Bihaaloscha as the Gr”a points out in his commentary on Seder HaOlam perek 12). (Click here for Hebrew text.)
The 250 people who joined Korach’s rebellion were great sages and trusted leaders, appointed by Moshe Rabbeinu to help him lead the nation. What made them turn away from Moshe? If it was Korach, then wouldn’t his influential speech or even bribery have been enough? For he was known to be extremely rich, taking a third of the wealth Yosef had amassed when he was Viceroy. What does food have to do with anything?
We see from here what an enticement a meal, or any food, can be, even on the greatest of people. Even those that live their lives on spiritual food, manna; but real food is very tempting, especially a good meal. It creates a feeling of responsibility, to flatter the host who gave them the food, and mock anyone who is offensive against the host. That is how Korach trapped these 250 righteous people.
Food is a major stimulus, but just as it can be used negatively, it can also be used positively, to encourage people and make them feel responsible to do a job one is asked to do well. For example, providing food at a call-a-thon fundraiser. This is a tactic that has been used for years, but we see its logic in Biblical roots.